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Fourneyron MacAdam 80 H.P. Turbine Water was admitted to the lower chamber via 50 cm iron pipe and held at a pressure of about 50 psi. Operated by a lever of the second order (not shown), the control cone could be lowered allowing water to pass through the turbine blades causing the outer dome to revolve. The inner fixed 'stator' blades directed the water at velocity onto the outer 'moving' blades at a tangent or 90 degrees to give the maximum force acting upon them. With this potential destruction of energy, the outer vanes gave way to the force of water and the energy was converted to a mechanical rotary movement.
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